However, these fluids tend to suffer from one or more of the following: inadequate viscosity-volatility balance, insufficient oxidation stability and/or thermal stability, or a high viscosity in high-temperature, high-shear situations. Low viscosity, low volatility, good oxidation stability and good thermal stability are highly desirable for such functional fluids as well.Ĭonventional low-viscosity polyalpha-olefin (“PAO”) base stocks made from oligomerization of alpha-olefin monomer in the presence of Lewis acid catalyst are available and indeed can be utilized in transmission fluids and other functional fluids. Electric motors and battery packs of hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles may need to be cooled during operation by functional fluids due to the heat generated by large discharge currents. These transmission fluids are exposed to high temperatures due to close contact with the electric motor, and thus the base stocks require low volatility, good oxidative stability, and good thermal stability properties. Likewise, gearbox fluids, clutch fluids, and other mechanical system lubricating fluids can benefit from lower operating viscosities as well to achieve a higher energy efficiency.Īdditionally, development of hybrid and electric vehicles require transmission fluids that have very low viscosity base stocks in order to improve fuel economy and drive superior thermal transfer properties. As base stock viscosity is lowered, however, volatility for the base stock tends to increase, which can cause undesirable outcomes in lubricant performance such as fluid loss, increased wear, and the like. Macro trends in transmission fluids are tending toward lower viscosities to achieve better fuel economy. BACKGROUNDĮngine transmission fluids lubricates components in the transmission and helps cooling down the transmission in operation. In particular, this disclosure relates to functional fluids comprising a low-viscosity, low-volatility polyalpha-olefin base stock. ![]() This disclosure relates to functional fluids such as automotive engine transmission fluids, clutch fluids, gearbox fluids, electric motor cooling fluids, and battery pack cooling fluids. 19, 2018, which are referenced herewith in their entirety. 14, 2019, which claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. This application is a National Phase Application claiming priority to PCT Application Ser.
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